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Note When I use the term process in this chapter, consider it to be synonymous with the term thread on

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operating systems where Oracle is implemented with threads (such as Windows). In the context of this chapter, I use the term process to cover both processes and threads. If you are using an implementation of Oracle that is multiprocess, such as you see on UNIX, the term process is totally appropriate. If you are using a single-process implementation of Oracle, such as you see on Windows, the term process will actually mean thread within the Oracle process. So, for example, when I talk about the DBWn process, the equivalent on Windows is the DBWn thread within the Oracle process.

/// A table of MIME content types let mimeTypes = dict [".html", "text/html"; ".htm", "text/html"; ".txt", "text/plain"; ".gif", "image/gif"; ".jpg", "image/jpeg"; ".png", "image/png"] /// Compute a MIME type from a file extension let getMimeType(ext) = if mimeTypes.ContainsKey(ext) then mimeTypes.[ext] else "binary/octet" /// The pattern Regex1 uses a regular expression to match /// one element let (|Regex1|_|) (patt: string) (inp: string) = try Some(Regex.Match(inp, patt).Groups.Item(1).Captures.Item(0).Value) with _ -> None /// The root for the data we serve let root = @"c:\inetpub\wwwroot" /// Handle a TCP connection for an HTTP GET let handleClient(client: TcpClient) = use stream = client.GetStream() let out = new StreamWriter(stream) let inp = new StreamReader(stream) match inp.ReadLine() with

As an example, we ll study the cost of latching the shared pool. We ll compare a well-written program (one that uses bind variables) and a program that is not so well written (it uses literal SQL, or unique SQL for each statement). To do this, we ll use a very small Java program that simply logs into Oracle, turns off auto-commit (as all Java programs should do immediately after connecting to a database), and executes 25,000 unique INSERT statements in a loop. We ll perform two sets of tests: our program will not use bind variables in the first set, and in the second set it will. To evaluate these programs and their behavior in a multiuser environment, I opted to use statspack to gather the metrics, as follows: 1. 2. Execute a statspack snapshot to gather the current state of the system. Run N copies of the program, having each program INSERT into its own database table so as to avoid the contention associated with having all programs trying to insert into a single table. Take another snapshot immediately after the last copy of the program finishes.

Then it is a simple matter of printing out the statspack report and finding out how long it took N copies of the program to complete, how much CPU was used, what major wait events occurred, and so on.

| Regex1 "GET (* ) HTTP/1\\[01]$" fileName -> let fname = root + @"\" + fileNameReplace("/", @"\") let mimeType = getMimeType(PathGetExtension(fname)) let content = FileReadAllBytes(fname) twprintfn out "HTTP/10 200 OK" twprintfn out "Content-Length: %d" contentLength twprintfn out "Content-Type: %s" mimeType twprintfn out "" outFlush() streamWrite(content, 0, contentLength) | line -> () /// The server as an asynchronous process We handle requests /// sequentially let server = async { let socket = new TcpListener(IPAddressParse("127001"), 8090) do socketStart() while true do use client = socketAcceptTcpClient() do try handleClient(client) with _ -> () } You can use this code as follows, where http is the function defined in 2 for requesting web pages and where we assume the directory c:\inetpub\wwwroot contains the file iisstarthtm: > Async.

Note Why not use AWR (Automatic Workload Repository) to perform this analysis The answer to that is

because everyone has access to statspack, everyone. It might have to be installed by your DBA, but every Oracle customer has access to it. I want to present results that are reproducible by everyone.

Spawn server;; val it : unit = () > http "http://127001:8090/iisstarthtm";; val it : string = ".." // the text of the iisstarthtm file will be shown here This HTTP request (or you can also open the previous URL in a browser) ultimately sends the following text down the TCP socket connection: GET iisstarthtm HTTP/11 When started, the server in Listing 14-1 attaches itself to a given port (8090) on the local machine (which has IP 127001) and listens for incoming requests These requests are line-based, so when one comes in, we read the full input line and attempt to parse a valid GET request using regular expression matching Other commands and error recovery are not dealt with.